Listen to this articleyuànběn 院本
Jin Opera / Scripts Used by Courtesans
有广狭二义：广义指流行于金代的一种戏曲形式，狭义指这种戏曲演唱用的脚本。因多在行院（hánɡyuàn）演出，故称院本。元代初年仍然流行，目前无独立完整的作品传世，其艺术特点可大致归纳为：篇幅较短，结构简单，多调笑语言及滑稽动作表演，主要角色是副净和副末，继承了唐代参军戏、宋代杂剧的戏谑手法。金院本直接影响了元杂剧的演出形式。
In a broad sense, the term means a style of traditional opera popular in the Jin Dynasty. In a narrow sense, it refers to the scores and librettos used in this type of drama, which was performed mainly in hangyuan (行院), or brothels, hence the name. This genre was very popular in the early Jin Dynasty but no separate, complete works have come down to us today. The format is as follows: short acts, simple plots, humorous language and comic gestures. The main performer fujing (副净) provides the humor while the supporting performer fumo (副末) provides comic backup. The form inherited a great deal from the Tang Dynasty two-person comic banter of canjunxi (参军戏) , and Song Dynasty zaju comedy. The brothel scores had a great influence on the development of later Yuan zaju or opera.
引例 Citation：
◎金有院本、杂剧、诸宫调。院本、杂剧，其实一也。国朝院本、杂剧，始厘而二之。（陶宗仪《南村辍耕录》卷二十五）
（金代有院本、杂剧、诸宫调。院本、杂剧，实际是一回事。到了我们元朝，院本、杂剧才分为两种。）
In the Jin Dynasty, there were scores used by courtesans, zaju and zhugongdiao, a kind of song-speech drama with mixed modes of tunes. In fact the scores and zaju were the same thing. They were not divided into two separate genres until the Yuan Dynasty. (Tao Zongyi : Stories by Master Nancun)
