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此诗一题《和张仆射塞下曲》。诗共六首，分别写发号施令、射猎破敌、奏凯庆功等等军营生活。语多赞美之意。此作为第一首，歌咏边塞景物，描写将军发号时的壮观场面。
前两句用严整的对仗，精心刻划出将军威猛而又矫健的形象。“鹫翎金仆姑”，是写将军的佩箭。“金仆姑”，箭名，《左传》：“乘丘之役，公以金仆姑射南宫长万。”箭用金做成，可见其坚锐。并且用一种大型猛禽“鹫”的羽毛（“翎”）来做箭羽，既美观好看，发射起来又迅疾有力，威力无穷。“燕尾绣蝥弧”，是写将军手执的旗帜。“绣蝥弧”，一种军中用作指挥的旗帜，《左传》：“颖考叔取郑之旗蝥弧以先登。”这种象燕子尾巴形状的指挥旗，是绣制而成的，在将军手中显得十分精美。这两句没有直接写将军的形貌，只是从他身上惹人注目的佩箭、旗帜落笔，而将军的矫健身影已经屹立在读者面前。诗中特意指出勇猛的“鹫”和轻捷的“燕”这两种飞禽，借以象征人物的精神状态。通过这两句的描写、衬托，一位威武而又精明干练的军事将领的形象，跃然纸上。
后两句写发布新令。将军岿然独立，只将指挥令旗轻轻一扬，那肃立在他面前的千营军士，就齐声发出呼喊，雄壮的呐喊之声响彻云天、震动四野，显示出了豪壮的军威。“独立”二字，使前两句中已经出现的将军形象更加挺拔、高大，并且与后面的“千营”形成极为悬殊的数字对比，以表明将军带兵之多，军事地位之显要，进一步刻划了威武形象。那令旗轻轻一扬，就“千营共一呼”，在整齐而雄壮的呐喊声中，“千营”而“一”，充分体现出军队纪律的严明，以及将军平时对军队的严格训练，显示出了无坚不摧、无攻不克的战斗力。这一句看似平平叙述，但却笔力千钧，使这位将军的形象更为丰满突出，给人留下了深刻的印象。
在五言绝句中，像这首诗这样描写场面如此壮阔，声势如此浩大的作品，并不多见。前两句对仗工整，在严整中收敛力量；后两句改为散句，将内敛的力量忽然一放，气势不禁奔涌而出。这一敛一放，在极少的文字中，包孕了极为丰富的内容，显示出强大的力量。▲
appreciate
This poem is entitled “Hezhang Bu Shesai Xia Qu”. There are six poems in total, which respectively write about the military camp life, such as giving orders, shooting to defeat the enemy, playing triumphs and celebrating achievements. The words are full of praise. As the first song, it sings about the scenery of the frontier fortress and describes the spectacular scene when the general issued his bugle.
The first two sentences meticulously portray the powerful and vigorous image of the general with a rigorous antithesis. “Vulture Feather Gold Servant” is an arrow worn by a general. “Gold servant aunt”, the name of the arrow, Zuo Zhuan: “In the battle of Qiu, the public shot the south palace chief with gold servant aunt.” The arrow is made of gold, which shows its hardness. In addition, the feather (“feather”) of a large bird of prey, the “vulture”, is used to make the arrow feather, which is beautiful and beautiful, fast and powerful when launched, and has infinite power. “Swallowtail Embroidering Cantharis Arc” is the flag held by the general. “Embroidered Cantharis Arc”, a flag used as a command in the army. “Zuo Zhuan”: “Yingkao took the flag of Zheng to climb the cantharis arc first.” This command flag, which is shaped like a swallow tail, is embroidered and looks very exquisite in the hands of the general. These two sentences do not directly describe the general’s appearance, but only from his eye-catching arrows and flags, and the general’s vigorous figure has stood in front of readers. The poem specially points out two kinds of birds, namely, the brave “vulture” and the nimble “swallow”, to symbolize the mental state of the characters. Through the description and contrast of these two sentences, the image of a powerful and shrewd military general is vividly on the paper.
The last two sentences are about issuing new orders. The general was upright and independent. He only raised the command flag gently. The thousand battalions of soldiers standing in front of him shouted in unison. The voice of the majestic cry rang through the sky and shook the whole field, showing the majestic military power. The word “independence” makes the image of the general already appeared in the first two sentences more straight and tall, and forms a very different figure contrast with the “thousand battalions” behind it, to show that the general leads many troops, has a prominent military position, and further depicts the image of power. When the flag was raised gently, “one thousand battalions in one call”. In the neat and majestic cry, “one thousand battalions” and “one” fully reflected the strict discipline of the army and the general’s strict training of the army at ordinary times, which showed that the army was invincible and invincible. This sentence seems to be a smooth description, but it is powerful, making the general’s image more prominent and impressive.
In the five character quatrains, it is rare to see such a magnificent and powerful work as this poem. The first two sentences match neatly, and converge strength in the strictness; The last two sentences were changed into casual sentences, which suddenly released the introverted power, and the momentum could not help surging out. In a few words, this combination contains extremely rich content and shows great power. ▲
