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这是一首诗意淡远的七言绝句，以问答形式并暗用典故抒发了作者隐居生活的自在天然的情趣，也体现了作者的矛盾心理。
“问余何意栖碧山，笑而不答心自闲。”前句起得突兀，后句接得迷离。这首诗的诗题一作《山中答俗人》，那么“问”的主语即所谓“俗人”。诗以提问的形式领起，突出题旨，以唤起读者的注意。当人们正要倾听答案时，诗人笔锋却故意一晃，“笑而不答”。
“笑”字值得玩味，它不仅表现出诗人喜悦而矜持的神态，造成了轻松愉快的气氛；而且这“笑而不答”，还带有几分神秘的色彩，造成悬念，以诱发读者思索的兴味。“心自闲”三个字，既是山居心境的写照，更表明这“何意栖碧山”的问题，对于诗人来说，既不觉得新鲜，也不感到困惑，只不过是“悠然心会，妙处难与君说”（张孝祥《念奴娇·过洞庭》）罢了。第二句接得迷离，妙在不答，使诗增添了变幻曲折，有摇曳生姿、引人入胜的魅力。
“桃花流水窅然去，别有天地非人间。”这是写“碧山”之景，其实也就是“何意栖碧山”的答案。这种“不答”而答、似断实连的结构，加深了诗的韵味。诗虽写花随溪水，窅然远逝的景色，却无一点“流水落花春去也”的衰飒情调，而是把它当作令人神往的美来渲染、来赞叹。因为上面写的“笑而不答”的神态，以及末句的议论都流露出这种感情。“山花如绣颊”（李白《夜下征虏亭》）固然是美的，桃花随流水也是美的，它们都是依照自然的法则，在荣盛和消逝之中显示出不同的美，这不同的美却具有一个共同点——即“天然”二字。这种美学观点反映了诗人酷爱自由、天真开朗的性格。
“碧山”之中这种没有名利，又不冷落荒凉的环境，充满着天然、宁静之美的“天地”，不是“人间”所能比。而“人间”究竟怎样，诗人没有明说。只要读者了解当时黑暗的现实和李白的不幸遭遇，诗人“栖碧山”、爱“碧山”便不难理解了。这“别有天地非人间”，隐含了诗人心中许许多多的伤和恨。所以，这首诗并不完全是抒写李白超脱现实的闲适心情。诗中用一“闲”字，就是要暗示出“碧山”之“美”，并以此与“人间”形成鲜明的对比。因而诗在风格上有一种“寓庄于谐”的味道，不过这并非“超脱”。愤世嫉俗与乐观浪漫往往能奇妙地统一在他的作品之中，体现出矛盾的对立统一。
全诗虽然只有四句二十八字，但是有问、有答，有叙述、有描绘、有议论，其间转接轻灵，活泼流利。诗境似近而实远，诗情似淡而实浓。用笔有虚有实，实处的描写形象可感，虚处的用笔一触即止，虚实对比，蕴意幽邃。诗押平声韵，采用不拘格律的古绝形式，显得质朴自然，悠然舒缓，有助于传达出诗的情韵。
appreciation
This is a seven character quatrain with weak poetic flavor, which expresses the author’s natural interest in reclusive life in the form of questions and answers and hidden allusions, and also reflects the author’s contradictory psychology.
“Ask me why I want to live in the green mountain, and laugh without answering.” The first sentence is abrupt, and the second sentence is confusing. The title of this poem is Answering the Vulgar in the Mountain, so the subject of “asking” is called “the Vulgar”. The poem is led by questions, highlighting the theme to arouse the attention of readers. When people were about to listen to the answer, the poet’s pen flicked on purpose, “laughing without answering”.
The word “laugh” is worth pondering. It not only shows the poet’s happy and reserved manner, but also creates a relaxed and happy atmosphere; Moreover, this “smile without answer” is somewhat mysterious, causing suspense and arousing readers’ interest in thinking. The words “mind is free” are a reflection of the mood of living in the mountain, and also indicate the question of “how do you want to live in the green mountain”. For the poet, it is neither fresh nor confused. It is just “a leisurely mind, and it is difficult to talk with you about the wonderful things” (Zhang Xiaoxiang’s “Nian Nujiao Crossing the Dongting”). The second sentence is confusing. The beauty lies in not answering, which makes the poem more changeable and tortuous. It has a swaying and attractive charm.
“Peach blossoms and flowing water are gone in the shade, and there is a different world.” This is the scene of “Bishan”, which is actually the answer to “How do you want to live in Bishan”. This structure of “answering without answering”, which seems to be disconnected, deepens the charm of the poem. Although the poem depicts the scenery of flowers flowing with the stream and Yao Ran fading far away, it does not have the declining sentiment of “flowing flowers and spring going away”, but takes it as a fascinating beauty to exaggerate and praise. Because the expression of “laughing but not answering” written above and the comments in the last sentence show this feeling. “The mountain flowers are like embroidered cheeks” (Li Bai’s “A Night’s Quest for the Captive Pavilion”) is certainly beautiful, and the peach blossoms are also beautiful along with the flowing water. They all show different beauty in their prosperity and disappearance according to the laws of nature, but the different beauty has one thing in common – the word “nature”. This aesthetic view reflects the poet’s love of freedom, naive and cheerful character.
The “green mountain”, which has no fame and fortune and is not desolate and desolate, is full of natural and peaceful beauty of the “heaven and earth”, which is not comparable to the “human world”. However, the poet did not make clear what the “human world” was like. As long as readers understand the dark reality and Li Bai’s unfortunate experience at that time, it is not difficult to understand the poet’s “living in Bishan” and love “Bishan”. This “unique world is not human” implies a lot of hurt and hate in the poet’s heart. Therefore, this poem is not entirely about Li Bai’s detached and leisurely mood. The use of the word “leisure” in the poem is to imply the “beauty” of “green mountains” and to form a sharp contrast with the “human world”. As a result, the style of poetry has a flavor of “putting Zhuang in harmony”, but this is not “detached”. Cynicism and optimism and romance can often be strangely unified in his works, reflecting the unity of opposites of contradiction.
Although there are only four sentences and 28 words in the poem, there are questions, answers, narrations, descriptions and comments, which are flexible, lively and fluent. The poetic scene seems to be near but far, and the poetic sentiment seems to be light but thick. The use of pen is both false and real. The actual description can be felt. The use of pen in the virtual part can be stopped at a touch. The contrast between the false and the real is profound. The poem is flat and rhymed. It adopts an ancient form that does not adhere to the rules and regulations. It looks simple and natural, leisurely and relaxed, which helps to convey the charm of the poem.
