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第一首一开头，就以“一粒粟”化为“万颗子”具体而形象的描绘了丰收，用“种”和“收”赞美了农民的劳动。
“四海无闲田，农夫犹饿死。”诗的后两句是说，普天之下，没有荒废不种的土地，劳苦农民，仍然要饿死。
第三句推而广之，描述四海之内，荒地变良田。这和前两句联系起来，便构成了到处硕果累累，遍地丰收的景象。“引满”是为了更有力的“发”。前三句诗人用层层递进的笔法，表现出劳动人民巨大的贡献和无穷的创造力，就使下文的反结变得更为凝重，更为沉痛。丰收了又怎样呢？“农夫犹饿死”，它不仅使前后内容连贯起来了，也把问题突出出来了。勤劳的农民以他们的双手获得了丰收，而他们自己呢，还是两手空空，惨遭饿死。诗迫使人们不得不带着沉重的心情去思索：是谁制造了人间悲剧？答案是很清楚的。诗人把这一切放在幕后，让读者去寻找。这就把矛头直指不合理的社会财富分配制度。
第二首诗，第一句“锄禾日当午”，概括的写出农民从事的活动、时间和天气情况。日当午，是指到了中午，太阳当头照着，是一天最热的时候，诗人没有一般地写农民锄禾如何劳累，而是集中写他与第一句“日当午”紧相呼应。这两句的意思是：夏天的中午，农民顶着火辣辣的太阳，在田里给禾苗锄草松土。由于天气炎热，劳动紧张，农民累得满头大汗，汗水一滴滴落到禾苗下的泥土里。
第三、四句“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”。是诗人在抒发感慨。盘，盘子，这里指碗。餐，指饭食。皆，都。意思说：有谁知道碗里的饭，一粒一粒都是农民辛苦劳动得来的呀！言外之意，世上的人们，难道不应该珍借每一粒粮食、尊重农民的劳动吗？
这首诗语言朴实无华，浅显易懂，但却十分感人，主要原因是借助形象的描述、形象的议论，来揭示生活中一个最重要的问题。描述，细致写烈日下农民田中锄禾;议论，紧紧围绕人人必需的“盘中餐”。而且，诗的前后联系很紧，顺理成章。没有前面两句的描述，后面两句议论就显得空泛，没有根基，没有力量。反之，没有后面的议论，前面的描述也就还停留在表面，意义也就没有这样深刻了。
这两首小诗在百花竞丽的唐代诗苑，同那些名篇相比算不上精品，但它却流传极广，妇孺皆知，不断地被人们所吟诵、品味，其中不是没有原因的。
首先，这两首诗所抒写的内容是人们经常接触到的最熟悉的事情。但是，最熟悉不一定真知道，生活中就有许多熟视无睹的情况，如果一旦有人加以点拨，或道明实质，或指出所包含的某种道理，就会觉得很醒目，很清楚，从而加深了认识。这两首小诗之所以有生命力，就有这一方面的道理。
“春种一粒粟，秋收万颗子”，这个春种秋收的景象大概是人人习见，众人皆知的，然而往往难于像诗人那样去联系社会、阶级而思考一些问题。诗人却想到了，他从“四海无闲田”的大丰收景象里看到“农夫犹饿死”的残酷现实。这一点拨就异常惊人醒目，自然给人留下深刻的印象。再如“盘中餐”，这原是人们天天接触，顿顿必食的，然而并没有谁想到把这粒粒粮食和农民在烈日之下的汗水联系在一起。诗人敏锐地观察到了，并凝聚成“粒粒皆辛苦”的诗句。这就给人们以启迪，引人去思索其中的道理，从而使那些不知珍惜粮食的人受到深刻的教育。
其次，诗人在阐明上述的内容时，不是空洞抽象地叙说和议论，而是采用鲜明的形象和深刻的对比来揭露问题和说明道理，这就使人很容易接受和理解。像第一首的前三句，从总体意义来说都是采用了鲜明的形象概括了农民在广大田野里春种秋收等繁重劳动的辛苦。这些辛苦并换来了大量的粮食，该说是可以生活下去的，但最后一句却凌空一转，来了个“农夫犹饿死”的事实。这样，前后的情况形成鲜明的对比，引发读者从对比中去思考问题，得出结论，如此就比作者直接把观点告诉读者要深刻有力得多。再如第二首，作者在前两句并没有说农民种田怎样辛苦，庄稼的长成如何不易，只是把农民在烈日之下锄禾而汗流不止的情节作了一番形象的渲染，就使人把这种辛苦和不易品味得更加具体、深刻且真实。所以诗人最后用反问语气道出“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”的道理就很有说服力。尤其是把粒粒粮食比作滴滴汗水，真是体微察细，形象而贴切。
最后，诗的语言通俗、质朴，音节和谐明快，朗朗上口，容易背诵，也是这两首小诗长期在人民中流传的原因。▲
appreciation
At the beginning of the first song, it depicts the harvest in a concrete and vivid way by changing “one grain of corn” into “ten thousand seeds”, and praises the farmers’ labor with “planting” and “harvesting”.
“There is no idle land all over the world, and the farmer is still starving.” The last two sentences of the poem say that there is no land left uncultivated and uncultivated in the world, and the laboring peasants will still starve to death.
The third sentence, by extension, describes the transformation of wasteland into fertile land within the four seas. This, in connection with the first two sentences, constitutes a scene of fruitful harvest everywhere. “Yinman” is for more powerful “hair”. The first three sentences show the great contributions and infinite creativity of the working people with progressive strokes, which makes the following anti knot more dignified and painful. What if there is a bumper harvest? “The farmer is still starving”, which not only makes the content coherent, but also highlights the problem. The hard-working peasants got a good harvest with their hands, but they themselves were still empty handed and starved to death. Poetry forces people to ponder with a heavy heart: Who created the human tragedy? The answer is clear. The poet put all this behind the scenes and let the reader look for it. This points to the unreasonable social wealth distribution system.
The second poem, the first sentence “Weeding Day at noon”, summarizes the activities, time and weather conditions of farmers. At noon, the sun is shining. It is the hottest time of the day. The poet does not generally write about how tired farmers are when hoeing, but focuses on the first sentence “at noon”. The meaning of these two sentences is: At noon in summer, farmers are fighting against the hot sun to hoe and loosen the soil for the seedlings in the fields. Due to the hot weather and intense labor, the farmers were so tired that sweat fell into the soil under the seedlings.
The third and fourth sentences “Who knows that every meal is hard”. It is the poet who expresses his emotion. Plate, plate, here refers to the bowl. Meals refer to meals. All, all. It means: Who knows that every grain of rice in the bowl is the result of farmers’ hard work! Implicitly, shouldn’t people in the world cherish every grain of food and respect the farmers’ labor?
The language of this poem is simple and plain, easy to understand, but very touching. The main reason is that it reveals one of the most important problems in life with the help of image description and image discussion. Description: detailed description of farmers hoeing in the fields under the scorching sun; The discussion focuses on the “plate meal” that everyone needs. Moreover, the poem is closely related to each other. Without the description in the first two sentences, the discussion in the last two sentences is empty, without foundation and strength. On the contrary, without the following discussion, the previous description would still remain superficial and the meaning would not be so profound.
These two little poems are not exquisite compared with those famous poems in the Tang Dynasty Poetry Garden where flowers compete for beauty, but they are widely spread, known to women and children, and are constantly recited and tasted by people, not without reasons.
First of all, the content of these two poems is the most familiar thing that people often come into contact with. However, the most familiar people do not necessarily know that there are many situations in life that they turn a blind eye to. Once someone enlightens them, or clarifies the essence, or points out some truth, they will feel very striking and clear, thus deepening their understanding. This is the reason why these two little poems have vitality.
“Planting a grain of millet in spring and harvesting thousands of seeds in autumn”, this scene of planting a grain of millet in spring and harvesting thousands of seeds in autumn is probably familiar to everyone, but it is often difficult to think about some problems in connection with society and class as poets do. But the poet thought that he saw the cruel reality that “farmers are still starving to death” from the harvest scene of “no idle land in the four seas”. This point is very striking, and naturally leaves a deep impression. Another example is “plate meal”, which was once a daily contact for people to eat every meal. However, no one thought of associating this grain with the sweat of farmers under the scorching sun. The poet observed it keenly and condensed it into a poem “Every grain is hard”. This will give people enlightenment and lead people to think about the truth, so that those who do not know how to cherish food will be deeply educated.
Secondly, when clarifying the above contents, the poet does not talk and talk in an empty and abstract way, but uses bright images and profound contrast to reveal problems and explain the truth, which makes people easy to accept and understand. Like the first three sentences of the first song, in the overall sense, they all use a distinctive image to summarize the hard work of farmers in the vast fields, such as planting in spring and harvesting in autumn. These hard work and a large amount of food in exchange can be said to be sustainable, but the last sentence flies in the air and comes to the fact that “farmers are still starving”. In this way, the situation before and after forms a sharp contrast, causing readers to think about problems and draw conclusions from the contrast, which is much more profound and powerful than the author telling the readers directly. For another example, in the first two sentences of the second song, the author did not say how hard the farmers worked and how difficult the crops were to grow, but just made a vivid rendering of the plot of farmers hoeing in the hot sun and sweating constantly, which made people more specific, deep and real. Therefore, the poet finally used rhetorical questions to explain that “no one knows how hard it is to eat every meal on the plate”. In particular, the comparison of grain grains to drops of sweat is really subtle, vivid and appropriate.
Finally, the language of the poem is popular and simple, the syllables are harmonious and bright, catchy and easy to recite, which is also the reason why these two little poems have been popular among the people for a long time. ▲
