赏析
诗人具有政治见识和政治才能,他敢言敢谏,但没有被武则天采纳,屡受打击,心情郁郁悲愤。诗歌写登上幽州蓟北楼远望,悲从中来,并以“山河旧,人物不同”来抒发自己“生不逢时的哀叹。语言奔放,富有感染力。
“前不见古人,后不见来者。”这是一声人生短暂的感喟。诗人纵观古往今来,放眼于历史的长河,不能不感到人生的短促。天地悠悠,人生匆匆,短短的几十年真如白驹之过隙,转瞬之间就消失了。这种感叹既可以引出及时行乐的颓废思想,也可以引发加倍努力奋斗的志气。自古以来有多少仁人志士并不因感到人生短暂而消沉颓唐,反而更加振作精神,使自己有限的一生取得接近无限的意义。正因为陈子昂抱着这种积极态度,所以他才“怆然涕下”。也正因为在悲怆的深层,蕴蓄着一股积极奋发欲有所作为的豪气,所以才能引起我们的共鸣。诗人俯仰古今,深感人生短暂,宇宙无限,不觉中流下热泪。这是诗人空怀抱国为民之心不得施展的呐喊。细细读来,悲壮苍凉之气油然而生,而长短不齐的句法,抑扬变化的音节,更增添了艺术感染力。。
这首诗没有对幽州台作一字描写,而只是登台的感慨,却成为千古名篇。诗篇风格明朗刚健,是具有“汉魏风骨”的唐代诗歌的先驱之作,对扫除齐梁浮艳纤弱的形式主义诗风具有拓疆开路之功。在艺术上,其意境雄浑,视野开阔,使得诗人的自我形象更加鲜亮感人。全诗语言奔放,富有感染力,虽然只有短短四句,却在人们面前展现了一幅境界雄浑,浩瀚空旷的艺术画面。诗的前三句粗笔勾勒,以浩茫宽广的宇宙天地和沧桑易变的古今人事作为深邃、壮美的背景加以衬托。第四句饱蘸感情,凌空一笔,使抒情主人公——诗人慷慨悲壮的自我形象站到了画面的主位上,画面顿时神韵飞动,光彩照人。从结构脉络上说,前两句是俯仰古今,写出时间的绵长;第三句登楼眺望,写空间的辽阔无限;第四句写诗人孤单悲苦的心绪。这样前后相互映照,格外动人。
在用辞造语方面,此诗深受《楚辞》特别是其中《远游》篇的影响。《远游》有云:“惟天地之无穷兮,哀人生之长勤。往者余弗及兮,来者吾不闻。”此诗语句即从此化出,然而意境却更苍茫遒劲。
陈子昂这首感伤之作是由自己在现实生活中的遭遇触发的,但是其客观意义却远远超越了他自身以至他所处的时代的范围,带有一定的广泛性。表现在这首诗里的感伤情绪,和世俗的忧生叹逝有明显的不同。这是一种在对事业和人生的执着追求中产生的喟叹。
appreciation
The poet had political insight and political talent. He dared to speak and admonish, but was not adopted by Empress Wu. He suffered repeated blows and felt sad and indignant. The poem was written on the Jibei Tower in Youzhou, looking far away, and expressed his “lamentation of untimely life” with “old mountains and rivers, different characters”. The language is bold and unrestrained, full of appeal.
“There are no ancients before us, and no comers after us.” This is a sigh of short life. Throughout the ages, the poet could not help feeling the shortness of life when looking at the long river of history. The world is leisurely and life is in a hurry. In a few short decades, it is like a gap between a white horse and a white horse. It disappears in a flash. This kind of exclamation can not only lead to the decadent thought of instant gratification, but also arouse the ambition of redoubling efforts. Since ancient times, how many people with lofty ideals do not feel depressed because their life is short, but they are more energetic and make their limited life achieve nearly unlimited significance. It was precisely because Chen Ziang held such a positive attitude that he “broke down in tears”. It is precisely because in the deep layer of pathos, there is a heroic spirit of being active and eager to do something, which can arouse our resonance. The poet looked up to the ancient and modern times, deeply felt that life is short and the universe is infinite, and shed tears unconsciously. This is a cry that the poet should not give to his empty heart of holding the country for the people. Read carefully, the solemn and stirring bleak air arises spontaneously, and the uneven length of syntax, the cadence of syllables, add to the artistic appeal..
This poem does not describe Youzhou Platform in a single word, but only the feeling of stepping on the stage, which has become a famous poem for thousands of years. The style of poetry is bright and vigorous, which is the pioneer of the Tang Dynasty poetry with “Han Wei style”, and has the function of opening up the country to sweep away the frivolous and delicate formalistic poetry style of Qi and Liang Dynasties. In terms of art, his artistic conception is powerful and his vision is broad, which makes the poet’s self-image more bright and touching. The whole poem is bold and full of appeal. Although there are only four short sentences, it shows a magnificent and vast artistic picture in front of people. The first three sentences of the poem are sketched in bold strokes, which are set off against the profound and magnificent background of the vast universe and the vicissitudes of life. The fourth sentence, full of emotion, makes the lyric hero, the poet’s generous and solemn self-image, stand on the theme of the picture, and the picture suddenly moves with verve and brilliance. From the perspective of structure, the first two sentences are to look up to the ancient and modern times and write about the length of time; The third sentence is to climb the building and look at the vast space; The fourth sentence describes the poet’s lonely and sad mood. In this way, they reflect each other back and forth, especially moving.
In terms of diction, this poem is deeply influenced by “Chuci”, especially “Yuanyou”. In the Faraway Journey, it is said: “Only the infinity of heaven and earth can make people sad for their long life. Those who go by can’t reach them, but those who come by can’t hear them.” The sentence of this poem is transformed from then on, but the artistic conception is more boundless and vigorous.
Chen Ziang’s sentimental work was triggered by his own experience in real life, but its objective significance is far beyond his own and even the scope of his era, with a certain universality. The sentimentality expressed in this poem is obviously different from the secular worry about life and death. This is a kind of sigh generated in the persistent pursuit of career and life.