Listen to this articleUzbek nationality is called Uzbek nationality in China and Uzbek nationality outside China. Its national language is the Uzbek language, belonging to the Geluolu branch of the Turkic language family of the Altai language family.
Uzbeks mainly live in Central Asia, mainly in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and other countries. Uzbeks in China live in many counties and cities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, most of them live in cities and towns, and a few in rural areas.
Uzbek is the main ethnic group in Uzbekistan, accounting for 78.8% of the total population.
Faith
Uzbeks have long believed in Islam. Since more and more Uzbeks settled in Xinjiang in the 18th century, they donated and built some large mosques in Kashgar, Shache, Ili, Qitai, and other places. All kinds of religious professionals are the specific executors and organizers of Islamic activities, such as imam, Mullah, Kazi, Alma, Imam, maize, etc.
Islam has a great influence on Uzbek culture and education. For a long time, Uzbek teenagers mainly receive religious education. Some Uzbek schools in old China were actually religious schools, known as “scripture schools”. The school is taught by mullahs who are religious professionals. The main courses are Arabic, Koran, and hadith.
Diet
Uzbeks have three meals a day. At dinner, the elderly will take the upper seat, while the young will take the lower seat. Many foods can be eaten by hand. Most Uzbek people eat with chopsticks and spoons, but some women and children, especially in pastoral areas, still eat with their hands. The Uzbek people follow the Islamic dietary taboo and eat sheep, cattle, horse meat, and dairy products. Nang is the staple food of the Uzbek people. It is made from flour, salted water, and fermented. Or add milk, clear oil, mutton oil, or ghee to the flour, which is called oil Nang. There are mutton, cumin powder, pepper, onion, and other seasonings mixed with stuffing roast meat Nang. Also, there are Wowo Nang and planning. Milk tea is also an indispensable drink in the Uzbek people’s daily life. “Naren” is a delicacy used by Uzbek people to entertain guests, which is rich in national flavor. Chop the cooked meat, add onion, pepper, and yogurt, stir and mix, pour the broth, and eat by hand. Pilaf is one of the flavor foods used by Uzbek people to entertain guests.
Festival
The main festivals of Uzbek people are “Shengji Festival”, “Rouzi Festival” and “Wuzi Festival”.
The traditional festivals are basically the same as those of other local Islamic peoples, with the Rouzi Festival and the urban festival as the grandest festivals of the year. During Ramadan before the “meat Festival”, adults have to fast. When eating fast, relatives, friends, and neighbors should invite each other. If there are guests, the host should treat them warmly.
During the festival, cattle and sheep are slaughtered, fried oil cakes are eaten, hand grazed meat and rice are eaten, as well as the folk special flavor food “Naren”.
Every spring, the Uzbek people also hold the Sumailek ceremony. At that time, taking the village as a unit, all kinds of raw food are brought together and cooked in a big pot. In this process, people get together for song and dance entertainment activities to wish good weather and prosperity for both humans and animals.
Clothes & Accessories
Uzbek clothing is characterized by men and women wearing all kinds of hats.
As early as the 6th and 7th centuries, the agricultural residents in Central Asia began to wear all kinds of clothes made of silk and wool fabrics. They not only had exquisite embroidery and gorgeous colors but also had varied patterns and ingenuity. In the middle of the 8th century, under the influence of Islam, the costumes of Turkic-speaking agricultural residents in Central Asia were added with headbands, robes, soft leather boots from the Middle East, which greatly enriched the types of costumes of the Uzbeks. The modern Uzbek men usually wear a patterned “Tony” long shirt without buttons, with a slanted collar on the right lapel (some with lace on the right Lapel) and knee-length. Around the waist is a triangle embroidered belt made of various satins, calico, and cotton. Young people’s belts are colorful, while old people’s belts are more elegant. Tony often chooses thick silk materials, such as Berkshire or golden velvet, which can also be made of wool. Young men wear a variety of clothes, while old men wear black. Men’s shirts are often embroidered with red, green, and blue lace at the collar, front opening, and cuff. Women wear hand-made high cylinder embroidered leather boots, known as “like”. Women’s dresses are called “Quebec”. They are wide and pleated. They don’t wear belts. Some of them wear all kinds of short dresses. The colors are very gorgeous. Elderly women wear headscarves and wear black, dark green, or brown clothes. Women, young and old, wear braids and ornaments such as earrings, earrings, rings, bracelets, necklaces, and hairpins. Wearing jewelry is a part of Uzbek women’s etiquette culture. Men like to carry exquisite knives around their waist.
Both men and women of Uzbek people love to wear a little flower hat, dopa. Flower caps are mostly hard shell, eaves free, round or quadrangular, which can be folded. Men’s hats are made of dark green, black, and light blue, while women prefer white and jujube red velvet and corduroy. The top and four sides of the hat are embroidered with various geometric and floral patterns, with exquisite workmanship. The more famous flower hat is the Badan wood flower hat, embroidered with white Badan wood pattern, white flowers, and black background, simple and generous. Tashkent Flower Hat originated from Tashkent, and the Hotan flower hat is most famous for its fine embroidery. There are also Hu nabai cap, Andijan cap, etc. Young men generally like to wear caps with a red background, while old men usually wear caps with a dark green background, and some wear caps made of corduroy without embroidery. In the past, according to religious customs, women had to wear cloaks and veils when they went out. Modern in addition to wearing a cap, but also surrounded by a square scarf, or in the cap and then covered with cross-stitch embroidered shawl.
