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这首诗写友人归隐，看似语句平淡无奇，细细读来，却是词浅情深，含着悠然不尽的意味。
“下马饮君酒，问君何所之？”饮：这里是使动用法，“使……饮”的意思。一、二句是说，请你下马来喝一杯酒，敢问朋友你要去何方？第一句叙事，五个字就叙写出骑马并辔送了友人一段路程，然后才下马设酒，饯别友人。下马之地也就是饯饮之地，大概在进入终南山的山口。第二句设问，问友人到哪里去，由此引出下面的答话，过渡到写归隐。这一质朴无华的问话，表露了作者对友人的关切、爱护的深情厚意。送别者的感情一开始就渗透在字里行间。
“君言不得意，归卧南山陲。”三、四句是说，你说因为生活不得意，回乡隐居在终南山旁。“不得意”三字，显然是有深意的。指出了友人归隐的原因，道出了友人心中郁积不平。至于友人不得意的内容，当然主要是指政治上、功业上的怀才不遇，诗人没有明确写出，也不必写出，留以想象空间。这三个字是理解这首诗题旨的一把钥匙。
“但去莫复问，白云无尽时。”结尾两句是说，只管去吧我何须再问，看那白云正无边飘荡。诗人在得知友人“不得意”的心情后，劝慰道：“但去莫复问，白云无尽时。”你只管去吧，我不再苦苦寻问了，其实你何必以失意为念呢？那尘世的功名利禄总是有尽头的，只有山中的白云才没有穷尽之时，足以供你娱乐排遣了。这两句表现了作者很复杂的思想感情：既有对友人的安慰，又有自己对隐居的欣羡；既有自己对人世荣华富贵的否定，又似乎带有一种无可奈何的情绪。联系前面“不得意”三个字看来，在这两句诗中，更主要的是对朋友的同情之心，并蕴含着自己对现实的愤激之情，这正是此诗的着意之处和题旨所在。
王维这首《送别》用了禅法入诗，富于禅家的机锋。禅宗师弟子问斗机锋，常常不说话，而做出一些奇怪的动作，以求“心心相印”。即使要传达禅意，也往往是妙喻取譬，将深邃意蕴藏在自然物象之中，让弟子自己去参悟。王维在这首诗歌创作中吸取了这种通过直觉、暗示、比喻、象征来寄寓深层意蕴的方法。他在这首诗中，就将自己复杂的内心世界感受凝缩在“白云无尽时”这一幅自然画面之中，从而达到“拈花一笑，不言而喻”，寻味无穷的艺术效果。
appreciation
This poem is about friends’ seclusion. It seems that the sentence is plain, but when you read it carefully, the words are shallow and affectionate, with an endless sense of leisure.
“Get off the horse and drink your wine, and ask where you are.” Drink: This is causative usage, which means “make… drink”. 1、 Second, please get off your horse and have a drink. Where are you going? In the first sentence, it was written in five words that he rode a horse and bridled his friend for a distance, then he got off the horse and offered wine to bid farewell to his friend. The place to get off the horse is also the place to drink, probably at the entrance of Zhongnan Mountain. The second question is to ask a friend where he is going, which leads to the following answer and the transition to writing about seclusion. This simple and unadorned question shows the author’s deep affection for his friends. From the very beginning, the feeling of the farewell permeated between the lines.
“You are not proud of your words, and you will return to the southern mountain border.” 3、 In four words, you said that because you were not proud of your life, you returned home and lived in seclusion beside Zhongnan Mountain. The word “not proud” is obviously profound. He points out the reasons for his friend’s seclusion and tells us that his friends are unhappy. As for the content that friends are not proud of, of course, it mainly refers to the lack of talent in politics and achievements. The poet did not clearly write it, nor did he have to write it, leaving room for imagination. These three words are a key to understanding the theme of this poem.
“But don’t ask again. The clouds are endless.” The last two sentences say, just go ahead. I don’t need to ask again. Look at the white clouds floating endlessly. When the poet learned that his friend was “not proud”, he comforted him: “But don’t ask again. The clouds are endless.” You just go. I won’t ask any more questions. In fact, why do you take disappointment as a thought? There is always an end to fame and wealth in this world. Only the white clouds in the mountains are endless, which is enough for your entertainment. These two sentences show the author’s complicated thoughts and feelings: both comfort his friends and admiration for seclusion; Both have their own negation of the world’s prosperity, and seem to have a helpless mood. According to the above three words “not proud”, in these two poems, the main thing is sympathy for friends, and contains his own indignation for the reality, which is the intention and theme of this poem.
Wang Wei’s Farewell is a poem written by Zen, which is full of Zen wisdom. The Zen Master’s disciples asked Dou Jifeng, often without speaking, and made some strange movements in order to “bond with each other”. Even if it is necessary to convey the meaning of Zen, it is often a clever metaphor to take an example, and the profound meaning is hidden in the natural images for the disciples to understand. Wang Wei absorbed this method of expressing deep meaning through intuition, suggestion, metaphor and symbol in this poem creation. In this poem, he condensed his complex inner world feelings into the natural picture of “endless white clouds”, so as to achieve “a smile, self-evident”, and ponder the endless artistic effect.
