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这首诗是孟浩然回襄阳临行前留给王维的。诗人抒发出由于没人引荐，缺少知音而失意的哀怨情怀。这首诗表达直率，语言浅显，怨怼之中，又带有辛酸意味，感情真挚动人，耐人寻味。
第一联写落第后的景象：门前冷落，车马稀疏。“寂寂”两字，既是写实，又是写虚，既表现了门庭的景象，又表现了作者的心情。一个落第士子，没有人来理睬，更没有人来陪伴。只有孤单单地“空自归”了。在这种情形下，长安虽好，也没有什么可留恋的。他考虑到返回故乡了，“竟何待”正是他考试不中必然的想法。
第二联写惜别之情。“芳草”一词，来自《离骚》，王逸认为用以比喻忠贞，而孟浩然则用以代表自己归隐的理想。“欲寻芳草去”，表明他又考虑归隐了。“惜与故人违”，表明了他同王维友情的深厚。一个“欲”字，一个“惜”字，充分地显示出作者思想上的矛盾与斗争，从这个思想活动里，却深刻地反映出作者的惜别之情。
“当路谁相假，知音世所稀”两句，说明归去的原因。语气沉痛，充满了怨怼之情，辛酸之泪。一个“谁”字，反诘得颇为有力，表明他切身体会到世态炎凉、人情如水的滋味。能了解自己心事，赏识自己才能的人，只有王维，这的确是太少了！一个“稀”字，准确地表达出知音难遇的社会现实。这在封建社会里是具有典型意义的。
这一联是全诗的重点，就是由于这两句，使得全诗才具有一种强烈的怨怼、愤懑的气氛。真挚的感情，深刻的体验，是颇能感动读者的，特别是对于那些有类似遭遇的人，更容易引起共鸣。如果再从结构上考虑，这一联正是全诗的枢纽。由落第而思归，由思归而惜别，从而在感情上产生了矛盾，这都是顺理成章的。只是由于体验到“当路谁相假，知音世所稀”这一冷酷的现实，自知功名无望，才下定决心再回襄阳隐居。这一联正是第四联的依据。
“只应守寂寞，还掩故园扉”，表明了归隐的坚决。“只应”二字，是耐人寻味的，它表明了在作者看来归隐是唯一应该走的道路。也就是说，赴都应举是人生道路上的一场误会，所以决然地“还掩故园扉”了。
综观全诗，既没有优美的画面，又没有华丽辞藻，语句平淡，平淡得近乎口语。对偶也不求工整，却极其自然，毫无斧凿痕迹。然而却把落第后的心境，表现得颇为深刻。言浅意深，颇有余味，耐人咀嚼。
这首诗是作者科举落第离开长安时赠别友人王维的作品。首联直接说出“自归”，颔联则写题意“惜别”，颈联说明“自归”之故——乃是知音既少，当道不用，此时不走，更待何时。尾联叙写决心隐居不仕，归隐田园。诗以失意后的牢骚贯穿全诗。语言平淡朴实，近于口语，不讲究对偶，顺其自然。
在京求仕不成， 诗中便充溢着对“当路谁相假”的愤懑，并用“独寻芳草去”自我解嘲。
appreciation
When the three autumn leaves fall, the flowers can bloom in February, cross the river with thousands of feet of waves, and enter the bamboo with thousands of poles slanting. This is a poem about wind, which is a dynamic interpretation and understanding of wind.
Wind is invisible, and air flows to form wind. But it is also tangible. A gentle breeze passed by, the grass nodded to people with a smile, the flowers swayed in the wind, changed their ways to make merry, the smoke danced up to the sky with the rhythm of the wind, and the slender willow branches gently brushed the faces of people at the lower reaches of the tree.
The wind also has its own thoughts and feelings. When it is happy, it often falls with the drizzle. When spring comes, the wind blows over thousands of mountains, and the spring wind in February looks like scissors. The spring wind is blowing, like the skirt of “flying sky”, combing. The spring wind wakes up the dormant willow tapers, the spring wind brings the flying swallows, the spring wind turns green thousands of valleys, the spring wind wakes up the youth of grass, and also sows abundant spring in people’s hearts.
When it was angry, the river rolled up the sky. Su Shi’s “Red Cliff Nostalgia” proved that: the rocks pierced the air, the waves beat the shore and rolled up thousands of piles of snow. It triggered a tsunami, uprooting towering trees, smashing cars with their palms and throwing them into the ditch, breaking trees with their sleeves, laughing wildly, looking contemptuously at people who could do nothing about it, and seeing themselves as a chariot, while everything in the world was like a mantis.
When it is sad, it will make a whimpering sound, as if it is telling the sadness and grievances in its heart, as if it were a child crying, and it will have to be moved by it.
The wind is magical, changeable, weak and strong. Sensitive wind, sentimental wind, sad wind, wind in various forms, you are a friend of mankind, but also bring endless disasters to mankind. Wind, you make people have to love, but also make people afraid of one-third.
