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这首诗讲的是西施若耶采莲的故事。
诗首句“镜湖三百里，菡萏发荷花。”广阔三百里的镜湖，在含着花苞的荷花吐发的时候，西施泛舟出现了，成为采莲人，但是她的艳丽和美名引起了轰动。
“人看隘若耶”，人人争餐秀色，使宽阔的若耶溪变得狭隘了，著一“隘”字而传神，那种人潮汹涌、人舟填溪满岸的热闹场面，犹如呈现在读者眼前，将王维《西施咏》的“艳色天下重”的虚写，变成了轰动当地的如实描绘。
这里又戛然而止，不再在西施身上着墨，而留下了很大的空间：勾践早已确定使用美人计来对付吴国，而西施的美艳倾倒众生，轰动当地，那么越国的君臣也不用去费力探访了，有了这位不二的美女人选之后，才“回舟不待月，归去越王家”。较之王维的“朝为越溪女，暮作吴宫妃”，语异而意同，王维的诗多了一重曲折，略去了勾践君臣实施美人计的过程；李白的诗实施了“截割”，割去了选作吴宫妃子的结果，同样地表现了“艳色天下重”的意义。这种截割，多了一些含蓄和暗示：既然是“归向越王家”，勾践同样也能留下这个美人，但他在“报吴”、“复仇”的目标下克制住了；而西施的入吴，却成为亡吴的原因之一。
西施采莲，在若耶溪里，不但有传说，而且合情理；至于泛舟三百镜湖之中，则是作者的想象了。但这一想象却有更改事实之嫌，因为如果是借镜湖湖水的清澈来表现西施“自鉴其美”，或者是借三百里的水程来表现拜倒西施的人的众多，那么下句“人看隘若耶”就显得多余了，这可能是李白百密一疏的笔误。▲
appreciation
This poem tells the story of Xi Shi Ruoye picking lotus.
The first line of the poem “Three hundred li of the mirror lake, the lotus bud.” In the vast Jinghu Lake, when the lotus with buds sprouted, Xi Shi appeared on a boat and became a lotus picker, but her beauty and reputation caused a sensation.
“People look at the narrow Ruoye”. Everyone competes for food and beauty, making the wide Ruoye River narrow. The word “narrow” is vivid. The lively scene of surging crowds and people filling the river bank seems to be presented to readers, turning the virtual description of “gorgeous color is the most important in the world” in Wang Wei’s “Ode to Xishi” into a truthful description of the local sensation.
Here, it stopped suddenly, and Xi Shi was no longer painted, leaving a lot of space: Gou Jian had already decided to use beauty tricks to deal with the State of Wu, and Xi Shi’s beauty charmed people and stirred up the local people, so the monarchs and officials of the State of Yue did not have to go to the trouble to visit. After having this excellent beauty candidate, he “went back to the boat without waiting for the moon, and returned to the King of Yue”. Compared with Wang Wei’s words of “the imperial court is a Yuexi girl, and the evening is an imperial concubine of Wu”, Wang Wei’s poems have a lot of twists and turns, omitting the process of Goujian’s implementation of the beauty scheme; Li Bai’s poems are “cut off”, and the result of being chosen as the concubine of Wu Palace is cut off, which also shows the significance of “the beauty is the most important in the world”. This kind of cutting is more implicit and implied: since it is “going back to the King Yue’s family”, Gou Jian can also leave this beauty, but he restrained himself under the goal of “revenge” and “revenge”; However, Xi Shi’s entry into Wu became one of the reasons for Wu’s demise.
Xishi’s lotus picking is not only legendary, but also reasonable in the Ruoye River; As for boating in the three hundred mirror lakes, it is the author’s imagination. However, this imagination seems to change the facts, because if it is to show Xi Shi’s “self-study of her beauty” by the clarity of the Jinghu Lake, or to show the number of people who have fallen in love with Xi Shi by the 300 mile water distance, then the next sentence “people look narrow as if they are right” is redundant, which may be Li Bai’s slip of the pen. ▲
