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疏影
姜夔
苔枝[1]缀玉。
有翠禽[2]小小，
枝上同宿。
客里相逢，
篱角黄昏，
无言自倚修竹[3]。
昭君不惯胡沙远，
但暗忆、
江南江北[4]。
想佩环[5]、
月夜归来，
化作此花幽独。
犹记深宫旧事[6]，
那人正睡里，
飞近蛾绿[7]。
莫似春风，
不管盈盈，
早与安排金屋[8]。
还教一片随波去，
又却怨、
玉龙[9]哀曲[10]。
等恁时[11]、
重觅幽香，
已入小窗横幅[12]。
注释：
[1]苔枝：梅花的一个品种，在这里指苔梅。
[2]翠禽：常栖息于梅树上的一种鸟。又名幺凤。
[3]倚修竹：语出杜甫《佳人》：“天寒翠袖薄，日暮倚修竹。”
[4]“昭君”句：用昭君出塞典故。是说昭君远嫁匈奴，生活在胡地沙漠，但始终怀念故国。
[5]佩环：女人衣服上所系玉饰。这里代指王昭君。
[6]深宫旧事：南朝宋武帝女寿阳公主，曾以梅花饰面，后来女子纷纷仿之为“梅花妆”。
[7]蛾绿：指眉黛。
[8]金屋：指汉武帝金屋藏娇之事。汉武帝为胶东王时，曰：“若得阿娇当作金屋贮之。”
[9]玉龙：苗名。
[10]哀曲：指《梅花落》笛曲。
[11]恁时：那时。
[12]横幅：指画中梅花。
Sparse Shadows
Jiang Kui
The moss-grown branch seems covered with jade green
Where a pair of kingfishers blue
Roosting side by side are seen.
Roving at dusk by the hedge-row, I met her who
Without a word, was leaning on a tall bamboo.
The Bright Lady, unused to distant Tartar sands,
Secretly longed for the northern and southern lands.
I fancy her returning at the moonlit hour
And metamorphosed into this lonely flower.
I still remember in the ancient palace deep,
Where the fair princess lay asleep,
A blossom flew near her green-painted brows.
Be not like a spring breeze
Which blows away blossoms from trees!
Shelter them in a golden house!
Another petal drifts with the waves; you’ll complain
Of Jade Dragon flute’s mournful song.
But when you come to seek the furtive scent again,
You’ll find it in a picture near the window long.
注释：
The poet writes on the Goddess of Mume Blossom metamorphosed into a kingfisher and compares her to the Bright Lady sent to the desert in 33 BC to marry the chieftain of the Tartars. Then he writes on the princess who adorned her forehead with mume blossoms. Then he sings the Jade Dragon’s song mourning over fallen mume flowers.
《疏影·苔枝缀玉》是宋代词人姜夔的词作。此词与《暗香·旧时月色》是咏梅的姊妹篇，表现梅的高洁、幽独，并借此咏叹作者自己的身世。上片先绘出梅花不同凡俗的形貌，又表现其孤芳自赏的清姿和高洁情怀，再化用杜甫、王建诗意，把远嫁异域不能生还汉邦的王昭君故事神话化，将眷恋故国的昭君之魂和寒梅的幽独之魂合而为一，带有极深的悲剧意味，境界又极凄美；下片则眼前梅花盛开推想其飘落之时，用寿阳公主及陈阿娇典故，寓无限怜香惜玉之意，又借笛里梅花哀怨的乐曲，加深怅惋的感情，末二句想到梅花凋尽，唯余空枝幻影映上小窗，语意沉痛。上片以梅喻王昭君，赞美其绝代姿容，哀叹其客死异域的不幸；下片写春风吹落梅花，欲重觅幽香，为时已晚。全词用事虽多，但熔铸绝妙，运气空灵，变化虚实，十分自如。篇中善用虚字，曲折动荡，摇曳多姿。张炎《词源》极口称道此词：“前无古人，后无来者，自立新意，真为绝唱。”周济《介存斋论词杂著》评曰：“寄意题外，包蕴无穷。”
“Sparse Shadows” is a lyric by Jiang Kui of the Song Dynasty. It is a sister piece to “Dark Fragrance – Old Moonlight”, which expresses the nobility and solitude of the plum, as well as the author’s own life. The first part of the poem depicts the extraordinary appearance of the plum blossom, and expresses its lonely posture and noble sentiment, then mythologizes the story of Wang Zhaogun, who married a foreign woman and could not return to the Han state. The last two lines of the poem are devoted to the idea that the plum blossoms have withered away and only the empty branches are reflected in the small window. The first piece uses the plum as a metaphor for Wang Zhaojun, praising her beauty and lamenting her death in a foreign land; the second piece writes that the spring breeze blew down the plum blossoms and it is too late to find the fragrance again. Although the whole word uses a lot of things, but the fusion is wonderful, the luck of the air, change the reality, very comfortable. The words of the song are very well used, and the twists and turns are turbulent and varied. Zhang Yan’s “Source of Words” praised the words: “There is no ancient before, there is no successor after, self-establishing new ideas, really the best song.” Zhou Ji’s “Jie Cun Zhai on the miscellaneous works of words” commented: “send meaning outside of the topic, contains infinite.”
