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这首诗，以语意双关、含蕴丰富而为人传诵。全篇都是一个未嫁贫女的独白，倾诉她抑郁惆怅的心情，而字里行间却流露出诗人怀才不遇、寄人篱下的感恨。
“蓬门未识绮罗香，拟托良媒益自伤。”主人公的独白从姑娘们的家常──衣着谈起，说自己生在蓬门陋户，自幼粗衣布裳，从未有绫罗绸缎沾身。开口第一句，便令人感到这是一位纯洁朴实的女子。因为贫穷，虽然早已是待嫁之年，却总不见媒人前来问津。抛开女儿家的羞怯矜持请人去作媒吧，可是每生此念头，便不由加倍地伤感。这又是为什么呢？
从客观上看：“谁爱风流高格调，共怜时世俭梳妆。”意思是说：如今，人们竞相追求时髦的奇装异服，有谁来欣赏我不同流俗的高尚情操？就主观而论：“敢将十指夸针巧，不把双眉斗画长。”意思是说：我所自恃的是，凭一双巧手针黹出众，敢在人前夸口；决不迎合流俗，把两条眉毛画得长长的去同别人争妍斗丽。
这样的世态人情，这样的操守格调，调愈高，和愈寡。纵使良媒能托，亦知佳偶难觅啊。“苦恨年年压金线，为他人作嫁衣裳！”个人的亲事茫然无望，却要每天每天压线刺绣，不停息地为别人做出嫁的衣裳！月复一月，年复一年，一针针刺痛着自家伤痕累累的心灵！独白到此戛然而止，女主人公忧郁神伤的形象默然呈现在读者的面前。
良媒不问蓬门之女，寄托着寒士出身贫贱、举荐无人的苦闷哀怨；夸指巧而不斗眉长，隐喻着寒士内美修能、超凡脱俗的孤高情调；“谁爱风流高格调”，俨然是封建文人独清独醒的寂寞口吻；“为他人作嫁衣裳”，则令人想到那些终年为上司捉刀献策，自己却久屈下僚的读书人──或许就是诗人的自叹。诗情哀怨沉痛，反映了封建社会贫寒士人不为世用的愤懑和不平。
诗人刻画贫女形象，既没有凭借景物气氛和居室陈设的衬托，也没有进行相貌衣物和神态举止的描摹，而是把她放在与社会环境的矛盾冲突中，通过独白揭示她内心深处的苦痛。语言没有典故，不用比拟，全是出自贫家女儿的又细腻又爽利、富有个性的口语，毫无遮掩地倾诉心底的衷曲。
从家庭景况谈到自己的亲事，从社会风气谈到个人的志趣，有自伤自叹，也有自矜自持，如春蚕吐丝，作茧自缚，一缕缕，一层层，将自己愈缠愈紧，使自己愈陷愈深，最后终于突破抑郁和窒息的重压，呼出那“苦恨年年压金线，为他人作嫁衣裳”的慨叹。这最后一呼，以其广泛深刻的内涵，浓厚的生活哲理，使全诗蕴有更大的社会意义。
appreciation
This poem is widely read for its puns and rich connotations. The whole article is a monologue of an unmarried poor girl, telling her depression and melancholy mood, while the lines reveal the poet’s feelings of underachievement and dependence.
“The Pengmen did not know the fragrance of Qi Luo, so they intended to invite good media to hurt themselves.” The protagonist’s monologue starts from the girls’ daily life – clothes. He said that he was born in a humble family in Pengmen, and he had never been touched by silk since he was young. The first sentence makes us feel that this is a pure and simple woman. Because of poverty, although it is already the year of marriage, there is no matchmaker coming. Let go of my daughter’s shyness and prudence and invite someone to be a matchmaker. But every time I have this idea, I feel doubly sad. Why is this?
Objectively, “Who loves romantic and high style, and has pity on the times and thrifty dressing?” It means: Nowadays, people are competing for fashionable and strange clothes. Who will appreciate my noble sentiment? As far as subjectivity is concerned: “Dare to boast the skillfulness of the ten fingers, but don’t draw long eyebrows.” It means: what I am confident of is that I can boast in front of others because of my outstanding craftsmanship; Never pander to popular customs. Draw long eyebrows to compete with others for beauty.
The higher the tone of such human relations and ethics, the less harmonious it is. Even if good matchmakers can help, they know that it is hard to find a good mate. “I hate to press the golden thread every year and make wedding clothes for others!” My personal marriage is hopeless, but I have to sew and embroider every day to make married clothes for others! Month after month, year after year, a needle stings my scarred soul! The monologue ended abruptly, and the heroine’s melancholy image was silently presented to the readers.
Good media do not ask Pengmen’s daughter, but express the sadness of poor people who came from poor backgrounds and no one recommended them; Praising the skilful but not the long eyebrows is a metaphor for the humble scholar’s lofty sentiment of being able to cultivate his inner beauty and transcend vulgarity; “Who likes romantic high style” is the lonely tone of the feudal literati; “Marrying clothes for others” reminds us of those scholars who offer advice to their superiors all the year round, but they have long surrendered to their subordinates – perhaps the poet’s self pity. The poem is sad and sad, which reflects the resentment and injustice of the poor and poor people in feudal society.
The poet portrayed the image of a poor girl, neither relying on the setting off of scenery atmosphere and room furnishings, nor describing her appearance, clothing and demeanor, but putting her in conflict with the social environment and revealing her inner pain through monologue. There is no allusion or comparison in the language. It is all exquisite, crisp, and personalized spoken language from the daughter of a poor family, and it can tell the truth without concealing.
From the family situation to their marriage, from the social atmosphere to their personal interests, there are self pity and self conceit, such as spring silkworms spinning, cocooning and binding themselves, one by one, layer by layer, they become more and more tight, so that they become more and more trapped, and finally break through the heavy pressure of depression and suffocation, and exhale the sigh of “bitter hatred to press the golden line every year, and to marry others”. This last call, with its extensive and profound connotation and strong philosophy of life, makes the whole poem have greater social significance.
