福祸相倚 – Chinese philosophy and culture

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fú huò xiāng yǐ 福祸相倚

Fortune and Misfortune Are Intertwined.

福与祸是相互依存的。“福祸”本义是福庆与灾祸,泛指吉凶、利弊、得失、好坏等对立的两个方面。中国古人认为,两个方面的对立关系是相对的,其间也有同一性,它们辩证地统一于事物的过程中,并随着事物的演变、条件的变化而相互转化,坏事可以引出好的结果,好事也可以引出坏的结果。这一辩证法提示人们,在好的形势下要防止坏的事情发生;在坏的形势下也要看到光明,并适时促其向好的方面转化。“物极必反”“居安思危”“塞翁失马,焉知非福”等思想与此辩证法不无关联。

Fortune and misfortune are intertwined. The term “fortune and misfortune” refers broadly to opposing aspects such as the auspicious and inauspicious, advantages and disadvantages, gains and losses, good and bad. The ancient Chinese believed that such opposing aspects are relative, and that they also share common elements. They are dialectically unified during the course of an event; as the event progresses, conditions change and turn into their opposites. Bad things may lead to good outcomes and good things may likewise lead to bad outcomes. This dialectic is a reminder that when circumstances are favorable, one must be on guard against bad developments; similarly, when circumstances are unfavorable, one must see a ray of hope and, at the right moment, try to make things take a turn for the better. Ideas such as “things reverse course when pushed to an extreme,” “in peaceful times, be on guard against danger,” and “losing a horse may be a blessing in disguise” are related to this dialectical approach.

引例 Citations:

◎祸兮,福之所倚;福兮,祸之所伏。(《老子·五十八章》)

(灾祸啊,幸福就在它身旁依傍;幸福啊,灾祸就在里面伏藏。)

Fortune lies beside misfortune; misfortune lurks within fortune. (Laozi)

◎故福之为祸,祸之为福,化不可极,深不可测也。(《淮南子·人间训》)

(所以福可变为祸,祸可变为福,这其中的变化难以捉摸、深不可测。)

Fortune can turn into misfortune and misfortune may become fortune. Such changes are unpredictable and too profound to understand. (Huainanzi)

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