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《春晓》这首诗是诗人隐居在鹿门山时所做，意境十分优美。诗人抓住春天的早晨刚刚醒来时的一瞬间展开描写和联想，生动地表达了诗人对春天的热爱和怜惜之情。此诗没有采用直接叙写眼前春景的一般手法，而是通过“春晓”(春天早晨)自己一觉醒来后瞬间的听觉感受和联想，捕捉典型的春天气息，表达自己喜爱春天和怜惜春光的情感。
诗的前两句写诗人因春宵梦酣，天已大亮了还不知道，一觉醒来，听到的是屋外处处鸟儿的欢鸣。诗人惜墨如金，仅以一句“处处闻啼鸟”来表现充满活力的春晓景象。但人们由此可以知道就是这些鸟儿的欢鸣把懒睡中的诗人唤醒，可以想见此时屋外已是一片明媚的春光，可以体味到诗人对春天的赞美。
正是这可爱的春晓景象，使诗人很自然地转入诗的第三、四句的联想：昨夜我在朦胧中曾听到一阵风雨声，现在庭院里盛开的花儿到底被摇落了多少呢？联系诗的前两句，夜里这一阵风雨不是疾风暴雨，而当是轻风细雨，它把诗人送入香甜的梦乡，把清晨清洗得更加明丽，并不可恨。但是它毕竟要摇落春花，带走春光，因此一句“花落知多少”，又隐含着诗人对春光流逝的淡淡哀怨以及无限遐想。
宋人叶绍翁《游园不值》诗中的“春色满园关不住，一枝红杏出墙来”，是古今传诵的名句。其实，在写法上是与《春晓》有共同之处的。叶诗是通过视觉形象，由伸出墙外的一枝红杏，把人引入墙内、让人想象墙内；孟诗则是通过听觉形象，由阵阵春声把人引出屋外、让人想象屋外。只用淡淡的几笔，就写出了晴方好、雨亦奇的繁盛春意。两诗都表明，那盎然的春意，自是阻挡不住的，你看，它不是冲破了围墙屋壁，展现在你的眼前、萦回在你的耳际了吗？
施补华曰：“诗犹文也，忌直贵曲。”（《岘佣说诗》）这首小诗仅仅四行二十个字，写来却曲屈通幽，回环波折。首句破题，“春”字点明季节，写春眠的香甜。“不觉”是朦朦胧胧不知不觉。在这温暖的春夜中，诗人睡得真香，以至旭日临窗，才甜梦初醒。流露出诗人爱春的喜悦心情。次句写春景，春天早晨的鸟语。“处处”是指四面八方。鸟噪枝头，一派生机勃勃的景象。“闻啼鸟”即“闻鸟啼”，古诗为了押韵，词序作了适当的调整。三句转为写回忆，诗人追忆昨晚的潇潇春雨。末句又回到眼前，联想到春花被风吹雨打、落红遍地的景象，由喜春翻为惜春，诗人把爱春和惜春的情感寄托在对落花的叹息上。爱极而惜，惜春即是爱春──那潇潇春雨也引起了诗人对花木的担忧。时间的跳跃、阴晴的交替、感情的微妙变化，都很富有情趣，能给人带来无穷兴味。
《春晓》的语言平易浅近，自然天成，一点也看不出人工雕琢的痕迹。而言浅意浓，景真情真，就像是从诗人心灵深处流出的一股泉水，晶莹透澈，灌注着诗人的生命，跳动着诗人的脉搏。读之，如饮醇醪，不觉自醉。诗人情与境会，觅得大自然的真趣，大自然的神髓。“文章本天成，妙手偶得之”，这是最自然的诗篇，是天籁。
appreciation
The poem “Spring Dawn” was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. The artistic conception is very beautiful. The poet took the moment when he woke up in the morning of spring to describe and associate, vividly expressing his love and pity for spring. This poem does not use the general method of directly describing the spring scenery in front of you, but captures the typical spring atmosphere and expresses your love for spring and pity for spring through the “spring dawn” (spring morning), the instant hearing feeling and association after waking up.
The first two lines of the poem are about the poet who woke up to hear the chirping of birds everywhere outside the house because he had a deep dream during the spring night. The poet cherishes ink like gold, and expresses the vigorous scene of spring dawn with only one sentence: “Birds crow everywhere”. But from this, people can know that it is the singing of these birds that wakes up the poet in his lazy sleep. We can imagine that there is a bright spring outside at this time, and we can appreciate the poet’s praise of spring.
It is this lovely scene of spring dawn that makes the poet naturally turn to the association of the third and fourth sentences of the poem: I heard a gust of wind and rain in the hazy last night, how many flowers in the courtyard have been shaken down now? In connection with the first two sentences of the poem, this storm at night is not a violent storm, but a light wind and light rain. It sends the poet into a sweet dream and cleans the morning more brightly, which is not hateful. But after all, it will shake off the spring flowers and take away the spring sunshine. Therefore, the sentence “How many flowers fall” implies the poet’s slight sorrow and infinite reverie about the passing of spring sunshine.
In Ye Shaoweng’s poem “It’s not worth visiting the garden”, the poem “You can’t shut the garden in spring, and a red apricot will come out of the wall” is a famous line that has been recited in ancient and modern times. In fact, the writing method has something in common with Spring Dawn. Ye Shi introduces people into the wall and makes people imagine it through visual images, from a red apricot sticking out of the wall; Meng Shi leads people out of the house and makes people imagine outside the house through auditory images. With only a few light strokes, we have written a prosperous spring feeling, which is sunny and rainy. The two poems both show that the exuberant spring is unstoppable. Look, it has broken through the walls of the enclosure, and is displayed in front of your eyes and lingering in your ears?
Shi Buhua said, “Poetry is just like writing, and you should not praise music directly.” (The Poem of Da Nang’s Servant) This little poem is only four lines and twenty words long, but it is written with twists and turns. The first sentence breaks the subject, “spring” indicates the season, and writes about the sweetness of spring sleep. “Unconscious” is hazy and imperceptible. In this warm spring night, the poet slept soundly until the rising sun came to the window. Showing the poet’s joy in love with spring. The next sentence is about the spring scenery and the birds’ song in the spring morning. “Everywhere” refers to all directions. The noise of birds on the branches is a lively scene. “Hearing birds singing” means “hearing birds singing”. In order to rhyme, the word order of ancient poetry has been properly adjusted. Three sentences turned into memories, and the poet recalled the drizzly spring rain last night. The last sentence came back to my eyes again. It reminded me of the scene of spring flowers being hit by wind and rain and falling red all over the land. The poet turned the joy of spring into pity for spring. The poet placed his love and pity for spring on the sigh of falling flowers. Love extremely but cherish, cherish spring is love spring – the drizzly spring rain also caused the poet’s concern about flowers and trees. The leap of time, the alternation of cloudy and sunny days, and the subtle changes of feelings are very interesting and can bring people endless interest.
The language of Spring Dawn is simple and natural, and there is no trace of artificial carving. In terms of shallow meaning and true feeling, the scenery is just like a spring flowing from the poet’s heart, which is crystal clear, filling the poet’s life and beating the poet’s pulse. Reading it is like drinking wine, without feeling drunk. Poets can find the true interest and soul of nature by meeting their feelings and circumstances. This is the most natural poem and sounds of nature.
