李德裕(787—849),字文饶,唐代赵郡赞皇(今河北赞皇县)人,与其父李吉甫均为晚唐名相。唐文宗时,受李宗闵、牛僧儒等牛党势力倾轧,由翰林学士出为浙西观察使。太和七年,入相,复遭奸臣郑注、李训等人排斥,左迁。唐武宗即位后,李德裕再度入相,执政期间外平回鹘、内定昭义、裁汰冗官、协助武宗灭佛,功绩显赫。会昌四年八月,进封太尉、赵国公。唐武宗与李德裕之间的君臣相知成为晚唐之绝唱。后唐宣宗即位,李德裕由于位高权重,五贬为崖州司户。李德裕两度为相,太和年间为相1年8个月,会昌年间为相5年7个月,两次为相7年3个月。
李德裕·《寄茅山孙炼师三首·其一》
何地最翛然,华阳第八天。
松风清有露,萝月净无烟。
乍警瑶坛鹤,时嘶玉树蝉。
欲驰千里恋,惟有凤门泉。
To Patriarch Sun at Hua-yang1 Grotto
Li Te-yü
I
In what place is one most free of bonds?
At Hua-yang, eighth of the Heavens.
The wind in the pines carries dew in all its clarity;
The moon, through the bearded lichen, is cleansed of mist.
Suddenly startled—a crane at the gemmy altar;
Humming in season—cicadas on the jeweled tree.
I long to post my thoughts from a thousand tricents:
“My only love is the spring at Phoenix Gate.”
1. “Golden-altared” Hua-yang is a grotto-heaven hidden at the roots of Mao Shan, a
mountain sacred to Taoists.
(Edward H. Schafer 译)