Tao Yuanming Poems: Reading The Book of Mountains and Seas  (I) – 陶渊明《读《山海经》  (十三首其一)》

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读《山海经》
 (十三首其一)

孟夏[1]草木长,绕屋树扶疏。

众鸟欣有托,吾亦爱吾庐。

既耕亦已种,时还读我书。

穷巷隔深辙,颇回故人车。

欢言酌春酒,摘我园中蔬。

微雨从东来,好风与之俱。

泛览《周王传》[2],流观《山海》图。

俯仰终宇宙,不乐复何如?

这是陶渊明隐居时所写读《山海经》十三首组诗中的第一首。此诗看似描写信手拈来的生活实况,其实质寓意深远,诗人胸中流出的是一首囊括宇宙境界的生命赞歌。开头写初夏之际,草木茂盛。“众鸟欣有托,吾亦爱吾庐”指众鸟快乐得好像有所寄托,我也喜爱我的茅庐。暗喻诗人是非常喜欢安雅清闲、自然平和的生活,体现出世间万物、包括诗人自身各得其所。诗人自耕自足,没有后顾之忧,也不会为五斗米而折腰,闲暇之余在书本中吮吸精神食粮。“微雨从东来,好风与之俱”指细雨从东方而来,夹杂着清爽的风。寓意这样的人生快乐,在昏昏然的官场上是无法得到的。体现了诗人高远旷达的人生境界。

注释:

[1]孟夏:初夏。古人以孟、仲、季来划四季中每个季节的三个月,孟为第一,仲为第二,季为第三。

[2]《周王传》:又称《穆天子传》,是一部记载周穆王西游的书。

Reading The Book of Mountains and Seas
 (I)

In early summer plants and grass grow high;

Around my cottage trees cast leafy shade.

Here birds rejoice to sing their lullaby,

So I love my thatched hut in the glade.

After I’ve tilled the land and sown the seed,

I may come back to read my books at leisure.

My lane’s too humble for carriage and steed,

Where visitors can’t find any more pleasure.

Still I am happy to drink my spring wine,

And pluck from my garden the herbage green.

A fine rain from the east tries to combine

With a fair breeze to beautify the scene.

I read the myth of legendary king

And the Book with Maps of Mountains and Seas.

I see the ups and downs from spring to spring.

What is happier than to do what I please?

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