Tao Yuanming Poems: In Reply to Secretary Guo  (I. Summer) – 陶渊明《和郭主簿  (二首其一)》

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和郭主簿
 (二首其一)

蔼蔼堂前林,中夏贮清阴。

凯风[1]因[2]时来,回飙开我襟。

息交[3]游闲业,卧起[4]弄书琴。

园蔬有余滋,旧谷犹储今。

营己良有极,过足非所钦[5]。

舂[6]秫[7]作美酒,酒熟吾自斟。

弱子戏我侧,学语未成音。

此事真复乐,聊用忘华簪[8]。

遥遥望白云,怀古一何[9]深!

公元408年,陶渊明44岁。这是他归家两年后所作。这组诗描写了夏日乡居的淳朴、悠闲的生活,表现出摆脱官场牢笼之后那种轻松自得、怀安知足的乐趣。

该首写景色。“蔼蔼堂前林”说的是堂前林木茂盛。仲夏时节,在浓厚的树荫下乘凉,南风不时吹来,尽显诗人悠闲舒适之态,可谓乡村景物之乐。在这期间,读书弹琴,起卧自由,为精神生活之乐;蔬菜有余,存粮犹储,乃诗人对物质知足之乐;自斟自酌,是癖好满足之乐;与妻儿团聚,小儿膝下承欢,真乃天伦之乐。以上数乐,让世人忘却官场腐败,世风伪诈,享受其隐逸恬淡之乐。尽显诗人坦率胸襟,淳朴情境真挚动人,表达了诗人安贫乐道、恬淡自甘的心境。

注释:

[1]凯风:南风。

[2]因:遵循,按照。

[3]息交:停止官场的交流活动。

[4]卧起:夜间和白天,即一整天。

[5]钦:羡慕。

[6]舂(chōnɡ):捣掉谷类的壳皮。

[7]秫(shú):粘高粱。两者多用来酿酒。

[8]华簪(zān):贵重的发簪,这里比喻做官。

[9]一何:多么。

In Reply to Secretary Guo
 (I. Summer)

The shady trees before my hall

Store coolness against summer heat.

The south wind comes at season’s call,

My lapel welcomes its breath sweet.

Not sociable even at leisure,

I rise to play my lute or read.

Eating my garden greens with pleasure,

I’ve stored up a year’s grain and seed.

I won’t lead a life beyond measure.

Why should I have more than I need?

I pound sorghum to make home brew;

And drink until in wine I’m drowned.

Beside me plays my son of two,

Making inarticulate sound.

Such trifling things afford delight;

I forget the vainglorious age.

Gazing from afar on clouds white,

I seem to see the ancient sage.

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