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贾岛诗思奇僻。这首《剑客》却率意造语，直吐胸臆，给人别具一格的感觉。诗题一作《述剑》。诗人以剑客的口吻，着力刻画“剑”和“剑客”的形象，托物言志，抒写自己兴利除弊的政治抱负。
这是一把什么样的剑呢？“十年磨一剑”，是剑客花了十年工夫精心磨制的。侧写一笔，已显出此剑非同一般。接着，正面一点：“霜刃未曾试。”写出此剑刃白如霜，闪烁着寒光，是一把锋利无比却还没有试过锋芒的宝剑。说“未曾试”，便有跃跃欲试之意。现在得遇知贤善任的“君”，便充满自信地说：“今日把示君，谁有不平事？”今天将这把利剑拿出来给你看看，告诉我，天下谁有冤屈不平的事？一种急欲施展才能，干一番事业的壮志豪情，跃然纸上。
显然，“剑客”是诗人自喻，而“剑”则比喻自己的才能。诗人没有描写自己十年寒窗，刻苦读书的生涯，也没有表白自己出众的才能和宏大的理想，而是通过巧妙的艺术构思，把自己的意想，含而不露地融入“剑”和“剑客”的形象里。这种寓政治抱负于鲜明形象之中的表现手法，确是很高明的。
全诗思想性与艺术性绾合得自然而巧妙。语言平易，诗思明快，显示了贾岛诗风的另外一种特色。
appreciation
Jia Dao’s poetry is rare. This “Swordsman”, however, is a free speech, which makes people feel unique. The poem title is Shujian. In the voice of a swordsman, the poet focuses on portraying the images of “sword” and “swordsman”, expressing his political ambition to promote advantages and eliminate disadvantages.
What kind of sword is this? “Ten years to sharpen a sword” is a sword that swordsmen have spent ten years elaborately sharpening. A sketch shows that this sword is unusual. Then, a point on the front: “Frost blade has not been tried.” The blade of the sword is as white as frost, flashing cold light. It is a very sharp sword that has not yet been tried. Saying “never tried” means to be eager to try. Now I have to meet the “king” who knows the virtues and good responsibilities. He confidently said, “Today I will show you, who has any injustice?” I will show you this sword today. Tell me, who has grievances in the world? A kind of ambition and lofty sentiments of eager to display their talents and do something great are on the paper.
Obviously, “swordsman” is a poet’s metaphor, while “sword” is a metaphor for his talent. The poet did not describe his ten years of hard work, nor did he express his outstanding talents and grand ideals. Instead, he put his ideas into the image of “sword” and “swordsman” through clever artistic conception. This kind of expression means that political ambition is embedded in a distinctive image is indeed very clever.
The ideology and artistry of the whole poem are natural and ingenious. The plain language and quick poetry reflect another characteristic of Jia Dao’s poetic style.
