登池上楼
谢灵运
潜虬[1]媚[2]幽姿[3],飞鸿响远音。
薄[4]霄愧云浮[5],栖川[6]怍[7]渊沉。
进德[8]智所拙[9],退耕力不任[10]。
徇禄[11]反穷海,卧疴[12]对空林[13]。
衾枕昧[14]节候,褰[15]开暂窥临。
倾耳[16]聆波澜,举目眺岖嵚[17]。
初景革绪风[18],新阳改故阴[19]。
池塘生春草,园柳变鸣禽[20]。
祁祁[21]伤豳歌[22],萋萋感楚吟。
索居易永久,离群难处心。
持操岂独古,无闷征在今!
注释:
[1] 潜虬:潜藏着的虬龙。
[2] 媚:自媚,自我欣赏。
[3] 幽姿:美丽的身姿。
[4] 薄:通“泊”,停止。
[5] 云浮:飘浮在云间。
[6] 栖川:栖息在水中。
[7] 怍:惭愧。
[8] 进德:进德修业,提高道德修养。
[9] 智所拙:智力低下不能达到。
[10] 力不任:力量不能胜任。
[11] 徇禄:追求俸禄,做官。
[12] 卧疴:卧病在床上。
[13] 空林:指冬季干枯的树林。
[14] 昧:糊涂,不明白。
[15] 褰:揭开,掀起。
[16] 倾耳:侧耳,聚精会神倾听的样子。
[17] 岖嵚:山势高峻的样子。
[18] 初景:初春的阳光。绪风:余风,北风的余威。
[19] 新阳:刚刚到来的春天。故阴:已经过去的冬季。
[20] 变鸣禽:也就是“时鸟变声”。因园中鸟类众多,所以啼声宛转多变。
[21] 祁祁:众多的样子。
[22] 豳歌:豳人的诗歌。豳,古国名,在今陕西省甸邑县西。
On Poolside Tower
Xie Lingyun
The coiling dragon hides with ease;
The honking swan’s heard far and wide.
I can’t float like cloud as I please,
Nor sink nor swim by riverside.
I can’t advance for lack of wit;
To retire to plow I’m not good.
To return to seaside I’m fit;
I lie sick, facing empty wood.
Ignoring seasons on my pillows,
I open door despite my ills.
I give ear to the surging billows,
And feast my eyes on craggy hills.
In early spring no cold winds blow;
The new sun dispels shadows old.
By poolside vernal grasses grow;
On willows sing birds manifold.
I’m moved by ancient vernal song;
I’d live’mid green grass as I please.
Living apart, I can last long;
But hermits cannot take their ease.
Since ancient sages lived well this way,
Why should it grieve those of today?