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杜甫 〔唐代〕
国破山河在，城春草木深。
感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。
烽火连三月，家书抵万金。
白头搔更短，浑欲不胜簪。
创作背景
此诗作于肃宗至德二载（757年）三月。先一年六月，安史叛军攻进长安，“大索三日，民间财资尽掠之”，又纵火焚城，繁华壮丽的京都变成废墟。先一年八月，杜甫将妻子安置在鄜州羌村，于北赴灵武途中被俘，押送到沦陷后的长安，至此已逾半载。时值暮春，触景伤怀，创作了这首历代传诵的五律。
Creation background
This poem was written in March of the second year of Suzong Zhide (757). In June of the first year, An Shi rebels attacked Chang’an. “On the third day of Dasuo, people plundered all their money”, and set the city on fire, turning the prosperous and magnificent Kyoto into ruins. In August of the first year, Du Fu settled his wife in Qiang Village, Fuzhou. He was captured on his way to Lingwu in the north and escorted to Chang’an after the fall of the enemy. It has been more than half a year since then. It was late spring, and I was saddened by the scene, so I wrote this poem which has been passed down from generation to generation.
