Chinese Cities – Guangzhou

Guangzhou is located in southern China, central and southern Guangdong Province, and the north-central edge of the Pearl River Delta. It is the confluence of the Xijiang, Beijiang and Dongjiang rivers. It is one of the starting points of the Maritime Silk Road, the “South Gate” of China, and the city of Guangzhou and Foshan, bordering Dongguan and Zhongshan in the south, and facing Hong Kong and Macau across the sea. The core cities of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao metropolitan area, and the Pearl River Delta metropolitan area.

Guangzhou is located at 112 degrees 57 minutes to 114 degrees 3 minutes east longitude and 22 degrees 26 minutes to 23 degrees 56 minutes north latitude. The city center is located at 23 degrees 06 minutes 32 seconds north latitude and 113 degrees 15 minutes 53 seconds east longitude.

Guangzhou is a hilly area, with high terrain in the northeast and low in the southwest. It is backed by mountains and faces the sea. The north is a hilly mountainous area with concentrated forests. The highest peak is Tiantangding at the junction of Conghua City and Longmen County in the north, with an elevation of 1,210 meters; the northeast is a middle-low mountainous area , There is Baiyun Mountain known as the “city lung”; the center is a hilly basin, and the south is a coastal alluvial plain, which is a component of the Pearl River Delta.

Guangzhou is located in the subtropical coast, with the Tropic of Cancer passing through the central and southern regions. It belongs to the maritime subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by warm and rainy, abundant light and heat, long summers and short frost periods. The annual average temperature is 20-22 degrees Celsius, which is one of the largest cities in China with the smallest annual average temperature difference. The hottest month of the year is July, with an average monthly temperature of 28.7°C. The coldest month is January, with an average monthly temperature of 9-16°C. The average relative humidity is 77%, and the annual rainfall in the urban area is about 1,720 mm. Throughout the year, the rainy season is from April to June, the weather is hot and typhoon from July to September, the temperature is moderate in October, November, and March, and the cool winter is from December to February. The water and heat are at the same time throughout the year, and the rainfall is abundant, which is conducive to the growth of plants. It is a “flower city” with evergreen flowers in all seasons.

Guangzhou is located in the abundant water area in the south, with developed river systems, many large and small rivers (gushes), and vast water areas. There are 22 rivers with rain-collecting areas of more than 100 square kilometers and 1,368 rivers with a width of more than 5 meters. The total length is 5,597.36 kilometers, and the river density reaches 0.75 kilometers per square kilometer, which constitutes the unique cultural characteristics of Lingnan water town.

Cultivated crops in Guangzhou have a distinctive feature of transition from tropical to subtropical, and are one of the most abundant fruit tree resources in the country. They include 3 categories, 41 families, 82 genera, 174 species and varieties in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions, with a total of more than 500 varieties ( Among them, there are 55 main varieties of lychee), which is the center of the origin and types of lychee, longan, yellow peel, and black (white) lam.

Vegetables are known for their high-quality and multi-variety. There are 15 categories, 127 species and more than 370 varieties. Flowers include fresh cut flowers, potted plants, ornamental seedlings, edible and medicinal flowers, industrial and other purpose flowers, lawns, and seedlings. There are more than 3000 traditional varieties and new varieties introduced, developed and utilized in recent years.

The geological structure of Guangzhou is quite complex and has good conditions for mineralization. 47 kinds of minerals have been discovered, 820 mineral deposits, including 22 large and medium-sized deposits. The main minerals are granite for construction, limestone for cement, ceramic soil, potassium, albite, salt mine, mirabilite, nepheline syenite, fluorite, marble, mineral water and hot mineral water. There is a shortage of energy minerals and non-ferrous metal minerals in the jurisdiction, which are scattered, small in scale and unstable in grade.

At the end of 2019, Guangzhou had a population of 15.3059 million permanent residents, with an urbanization rate of 86.46%. At the end of the year, the household registration population was 9,537,200, and the urbanization rate was 79.90%; the annual household registration population was 139,800, and the birth rate was 14.86‰; the death population was 48,300, and the death rate was 5.14‰; the natural growth population was 91,500, which was natural The growth rate is 9.72‰. The household registration moved into a population of 21,500, and the moved out of population was 43,000, and the mechanical growth of population was 167,500.

In 2020, there will be a population of 18,676,600 permanent residents.

In 2015, there were 718,000 minority populations in Guangzhou, belonging to 55 minorities. Among them, there are 88,000 people with household registration minority population and 630,000 people without household registration minority population.

Guangzhou is “adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao, with many overseas Chinese”. It is the largest overseas Chinese city in the country. At the end of 2015, there were nearly 4 million overseas Chinese, Hong Kong and Macao compatriots, returned overseas Chinese, and their relatives in Hong Kong and Macao.

As a window of foreign trade, Guangzhou has a large number of foreigners. In 2013, the number of foreigners entering and leaving the country from various ports in Guangzhou reached 5.206 million. As of October 25, 2014, there were 118,000 foreigners living in Guangzhou, including 57,000 in Asia, 36,000 in Europe and America, and 16,000 in Africa.