Listen to this article沁园春
寒食郓州道中[1]
谢枋得
十五年来，
逢寒食节[2]，
皆在天涯。
叹雨濡[3]露润，
还思宰柏；
风柔日媚，
羞看飞花。
麦饭纸钱，
只鸡斗酒，
几误林间噪喜鸦。
天笑道：
此不由乎我，
也不由他。
鼎中炼熟丹砂。
把紫府清都[4]作一家。
想前人鹤驭，
常游绛阙[5]；
浮生蝉蜕，
岂恋黄沙[6]？
帝命守坟，
王令修墓[7]，
男子正当如是邪。
又何必，
待过家上冢，
书锦荣华！
注释：
[1]这首词是谢枋得当年过郓州时所作。郓州在今山东省，曾经分东郓和西郓。南宋灭亡后，谢枋得一直隐居闽中，其老家在江西弋阳。直至元二十六年（1289年），福建参知政事魏天佑，为了向朝廷取媚，强迫谢枋得北上到朝廷做官。寒食节时他经过郓州，四月到达了燕京，但最终绝食而死，年仅六十四岁。
[2]寒食节：约在清明节前一两天，又称禁火节，是为了纪念春秋时期晋国的名臣义士介子推。介子推不愿夸功争宠，也不愿为官，后被晋文公手下焚山至死。为了纪念这位忠臣义士，在介子推死难之日不生火做饭，要吃冷食。
[3]濡：浸渍，沾湿。
[4]“把紫”句：紫府，指道家仙人所居之地。清都，指天帝所居的宫阙。
[5]绛阙：宫殿或者寺观红色的门阙。这里形容帝王高深华美的宫殿。
[6]“浮生”二句：语出《淮南子·精神训》：“蝉蜕蛇解，游于太清。”
[7]“帝命”二句：至元十五年（1278年）元僧杨琏真伽发掘宋六陵盗取珍宝后，宋义士唐珏、林景熙等收埋宋帝后遗骨，并且移植宋故宫的冬青树于坟冢之上。这里似乎是取其事，阐发自己效忠宋室的决心。
Spring in a Pleasure Garden
· On Cold Food Day
Xie Fangde
For fifteen years, on Cold Food Day,
I have roamed far away.
I sigh when dew falls or it rains hard.
Can I not think of the cypress in the graveyard?
When the wind’s soft and the sun bright,
I feel ashamed to see flowers in plight.
The paper money, wheat and rice,
Chicken and wine can’t be offered for sacrifice.
Hungry are hovering magpies and crows in flight.
In laughter Heaven said,
“I’m not to blame, nor are you at all.”
When in the tripod the elixir’s made,
I’d fly to the palace of Taoist capital.
Think of the immortal who on the crane’s back flew
To the celestial hall!
With yellow sand I will no more fall in love
Than a cicada with its slough.
I’m ordered to guard
The imperial graveyard
Is it what a man should properly do?
Why should I forsake the old for the new,
To live in a vainglorious hue?
注释：
The poet reveals his grief that he could not offer sacrifice to his ancestral graveyard occupied by Jurchen invaders, but do what he is ordered to.
《沁园春·寒食郓州道中》是宋末元初词人谢枋得所作的一首词。该词上片感慨自己飘零天涯，十五年来不能祭扫祖茔，曲折地表达了对元朝统治者的怨愤。下片宕开一笔，借道家之说表达以死报国的社志，以及不屈仕于元人的民族气节。全词慷慨悲歌催人泪下，词人注重心理刻画，含有感染力，具有很高的思想境界和艺术魅力。
“Spring in a Pleasure Garden · On Cold Food Day ” is a song written by Xie Fangde, a lyricist in the late Song and early Yuan dynasties. The first piece of the lyric laments that he has drifted to the end of the world and has not been able to visit his ancestral home for fifteen years, expressing his resentment against the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty in a twisted way. In the next piece, he draws on Taoism to express his social aspiration to repay his country with death and his national moral integrity of not succumbing to the Yuan. The whole lyric is generous and lamentable, and the lyricist pays attention to psychological portrayal, which is infectious and has a high ideological level and artistic charm.
