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HomeLi Yu Poems李煜《乌夜啼·无言独上西楼》- The Lyrics of Li Yu - Chinese Poems - ...

李煜《乌夜啼·无言独上西楼》- The Lyrics of Li Yu – Chinese Poems – (Southern Tang)

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乌夜啼

(又名“相见欢”)

无言独上西楼,

月如钩。

寂寞梧桐深院锁清秋。

剪不断,理还乱,

是离愁。

别是一般滋味在心头。

前段第一句写人写地。第二句写时间,如钩的新月说明是深秋的夜晚,而一弯残月又象征着残破的江山,增加了环境的凄婉和亡国之君的哀思。第三句是环境的特写:“寂寞”是“无言独上”的总结,“梧桐深院”是“西楼”的具体环境,而梧桐落叶又是寂寞的象征,冷清的秋天正是梧桐落叶之时,再加一个“锁”字,说的是梧桐落叶埋葬了冷落凄清的残秋,也象征着寂寞深院锁着亡国之君。所以前段写的是景,而一切景语都是情语。

后段直接抒情,但离愁是抽象的情感,只可意会,不可言传,而李后主却用了有形之物来比喻无形之物。后段第一句“剪不断”是把离愁比作流水。第二句“理还乱”又把离愁比作乱麻,但乱麻还可以用快刀斩,离愁却斩不断,这是用有形之物来衬托无形之物。最后,词人还用无形之物来比无形之物,把离愁比作一种滋味,又用了一个抽象的形容词“别是一般”来形容,说这种滋味既不是酸甜苦辣,也不能算是非酸甜苦辣,只有抽象的“别是一般滋味”才能准确地形容这种抽象的离愁。

Crows Crying at Night

Silent,I go up to the west tower alone

And see the hooklike moon.

The plane trees lonesome and drear

Lock in the courtyard autumn clear.

Cut,it won’t break;

Ruled,it will make

A mess to wake

An unspeakable taste in the heart.

Such is the grief to part.

 

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Li Yu
Li Yu
Also known as Li Hou Zhu or Li Houzhu. Li YU was the last emperor of the Southern Tang dynasty, deposed in 975. His works focus on the loss of comfort and luxury.
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